Define asylum . asylum synonyms, asylum pronunciation, asylum translation, English dictionary definition of asylum . n. 1. Protection and immunity from extradition granted by a government to a political refugee from another country. 2. a. A place offering protection and... Learn about the legal protection granted by a state to foreign nationals who have fled their home countries due to persecution, war or other serious threats. Explore the different types of asylum , such as territorial, extraterritorial, diplomatic and temporary, and their legal basis and examples. Learn the English definition and meaning of Asylum with examples, pronunciation, and translations to enhance your vocabulary.