RATIONAL meaning : 1. based on clear thought and reason: 2. (of a number) that can be expressed as the ratio of two…. Learn more. Define rational . rational synonyms, rational pronunciation, rational translation, English dictionary definition of rational . adj. 1. Having or exercising the ability to reason. See Synonyms at logical. 2. Consistent with or based on reason or good judgment; logical or sensible:... Rational means based on reason rather than emotion, or sensible and able to make logical decisions. It also refers to a type of number or function in mathematics. Learn more about the word origin, usage, and related terms. Rational definition : Of sound mind; sane.Able to reason; reasoning; in possession of one's reason or sanity.