Mathematically, the surface tension is defined as the force (F) acting on the surface and the length (l) of the surface, so is given as: T = F / l . Also, the ratio of the work done (W) and the change in the area of the surface (A) is termed surface tension. T = W / A. Surface tension is a fundamental property of liquid surfaces that dictates how they interact with their surroundings. This phenomenon causes a liquid boundary to behave as if it were covered by a thin, elastic membrane under tension. “ Surface tension is the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimise surface area”. Surface tension , represented by the symbol γ (alternatively σ or T), is measured in force per unit length. Its SI unit is newton per metre but the cgs unit of dyne per centimetre is also used, particularly in the older literature.
