Flatulence is passing gas from the digestive system out of the back passage. It's more commonly known as "passing wind", or "farting". Flatulence is the release of gas from the rectum, caused by swallowed air, food breakdown, or gut bacteria. Learn about the common causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments of flatulence , and when to see a doctor. Burping and farting. They are caused by gas, and gas is caused by a number of factors, some within our control. WebMD explains. Know the types, causes, and symptoms of flatulence . Consult gastro specialists for proper diagnosis and personalized treatment options for relief.