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External fragmentation is a problem in memory management where free memory is divided into small, non-contiguous blocks. Even though there may be enough total free memory to run a new program, the memory is scattered in tiny pieces, so it's impossible to find a single, large block for the program to use. This leads to wasted memory and poor system performance. Why Does It Happen? External fragmentation is caused by the dynamic allocation and deallocation of processes. Imagine memory as a ... Like a disorderly closet, fragmentation in OS scatters everything and makes finding necessities more difficult. In technical parlance, this term denotes the condition in which available memory or storage space divides into smaller non-contiguous chunks. Internal Fragmentation is the wastage of memory that occurs when fixed-sized memory blocks are allocated to processes, but the process does not use the entire allocated block. The unused portion inside the allocated block remains idle, resulting in poor memory utilization. How Internal Fragmentation is Caused? Fixed Block Allocation: When processes request memory, they are often assigned blocks larger than required. The unused space within the block is wasted. Uniform Block Sizes: If all ... Fragmentation refers to an unwanted problem that occurs in the OS in which a process is unloaded and loaded from memory, and the free memory space gets fragmented.
