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An A1C test measures the average amount of sugar in your blood over the past three months. Providers use it to diagnose diabetes and monitor diabetes management. The A1C test —also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test —is a simple blood test. Your A1C is used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, and monitor your progress. Find out more about the test, and your A1C goals. What does the A1C test measure? When you check your blood sugar at home, it's a snapshot of a single point in time. For people living with diabetes, the test checks how well they manage blood sugar levels. The A1C test also is called the glycated hemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin, hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test . An A1C test result shows the average blood sugar level over the past 2 to 3 months. What Is the HbA1C Test? The HbA1C test, or glycated hemoglobin test , is a simple yet powerful tool for diagnosing and managing diabetes. It measures the amount of sugar attached to hemoglobin, the protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen.