Mesopotamian civilization: In the period 5500–4000 B

In the period 5500–4000 B.C., much of Mesopotamia shared a common culture, called Ubaid after the site where evidence for it was first found. Characterized by a distinctive type of pottery, this culture originated on the flat alluvial plains of southern Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq) around 6200 B.C. Mesopotamia is the region within the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that hosted the earliest large-scale civilizations (Sumeria, Akkadia, Assyria, and Babylon) It is recognised as the cradle of some of the world's earliest civilizations. [7] The Sumerians and Akkadians, each originating from different areas, dominated Mesopotamia from the beginning of recorded history (c. 3100 BC) to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC. It was home to some of the world’s earliest cities, governments, writing systems, and empires. Located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is now modern-day Iraq, Mesopotamia gave rise to powerful cultures like the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians.