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How do Neurons Work? A neuron is a nerve cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals in the nervous system. Neurons consist of a cell body, dendrites (which receive signals), and an axon (which sends signals). Neuron, basic cell of the nervous system in vertebrates and most invertebrates from the level of the cnidarians (e.g., corals, jellyfish) upward. A typical neuron has a cell body containing a nucleus and two or more long fibers. Learn more about neurons. In this article, we will discuss the neuron diagram, meaning, neuron structure, the classification and types of neurons, and neuron function. Neurons are the fundamental units of the nervous system specialized to transmit information to different parts of the body. What is a Neuron? Neurons perform a variety of functions critical to the nervous system’s operation. These functions are enabled by their ability to generate, propagate, and transmit electrical and chemical signals.
