Structure of protein: Learn how proteins are

Learn how proteins are made of amino acids and have four levels of structure: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. Find out how hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and covalent bonding affect protein shape and function. Proteins are unbranched polymers built from nitrogen-containing monomers called amino acids. At the center of each amino acid is a carbon atom attached to two functional groups: an amino group (–NH2) and a carboxyl group (–COOH). The protein backbone The name "amino acid" is derived from the fact that all free amino acids contain both an amino group and carboxylic acid group. These will be used to make the peptide bonds between amino acids in a protein (only the amino groups at very beginning (the "N terminus") and the carboxyl group at the very end (the C terminus) will remain in a polypeptide (= protein). There are 20 genetically encoded amino acids available to the cell to build in proteins and all of these ... Proteins are macromolecules made up of monomers called amino acids. Amino acids are the building block of all proteins. Structure and Functions.